当“性别”这一充满社会思辨的热点话题走进雅思考场，你是否能从容应对？
今天Lina老师带你系统掌握性别议题的核心词汇与表达逻辑，还将揭示如何将这些前沿内容转化为你的口语竞争优势！
Gender是一个大热话题，哈利波特的作者JK.Rowling就因为相关话题和赫敏的扮演者Emma Watson闹得不可开交。
今天我们来学一下相关词汇和概念，并看看它们在雅思考试中是如何应用的。
01、核心词汇分类与应用
基础与身份类
Gender vs. Sex
- Sex指生理性别（男性/女性）。
- Gender指社会性别，即社会文化构建的角色、行为、期望和身份。这是更现代和准确的说法。
✅例句：
It's important to distinguish between sex, which is biological, and gender, which is a social construct.
Gender Identity（性别认同）
- Cisgender性别认同与出生时的生理性别一致的人。
- Transgender性别认同与出生时的生理性别不一致的人。
- Non-binary不单纯认同自己为男性或女性的人。
✅例句：
Society is becoming more inclusive of people with diverse gender identities, such as transgender and non-binary individuals.
问题与不平等类
这些是讨论核心问题的关键词。
- Gender Gap / Disparity（性别差距）
- Gender Equality（性别平等）
- Gender Inequality（性别不平等）
✅例句：
Achieving gender equality in the workplace remains a challenge in many countries.
- Pay Gap（薪酬差距）：指男性和女性之间的收入差异。
- Leadership Gap（领导力差距）：指在高管职位上女性的代表性不足。
✅例句：
The gender pay gap is a clear indicator of ongoing gender inequality.
- Glass Ceiling（玻璃天花板）指阻碍女性（或少数群体）晋升到高级职位的无形障碍。
✅例句：
Despite being qualified, many women find it hard to break theglass ceilingand reach top management positions.
- Stereotype / Gender Stereotyping（刻板印象 / 性别刻板印象）
- Bias（偏见）
✅释义：
对男性和女性应如何行为、思考或穿着所抱有的过度简单化的、固定的观念。
✅例句：
From a young age, children are often influenced by gender stereotypes, like the idea that boys should be tough and girls should be nurturing.
- Unconscious/Implicit Bias（无意识/内隐偏见）
✅释义：
指本人在不自觉情况下持有的刻板印象。
✅例句：
Unconscious bias in hiring processes can disadvantage qualified female candidates.
运动与解决方案类
这类词汇能展示积极的、建设性的观点。
- Feminism / Feminist女性主义 / 女性主义者
✅释义：
主张社会、政治、经济性别平等的理论和运动。使用时务必解释清楚，避免误解。
✅例句：
To me, feminism simply means advocating for gender equality for all people.
- Empowerment（赋能）
- Women's Empowerment（女性赋能）：让女性获得权力、信心和能力去掌控自己的生活并影响社会。
✅例句：
Education is fundamental to the empowerment of women and girls worldwide.
- Inclusion / Inclusivity（包容）
- Gender-inclusive（性别包容的）：指包含并尊重所有性别认同的语言或政策。
✅例句：
Using gender-inclusive language, such as 'they' as a singular pronoun, is a sign of respect.
- Gender-neutral（性别中立的）不特定针对某一性别的。
✅例句：
Some parents are now choosing to raise their children in a gender-neutral way, avoiding stereotypical pink or blue clothing.
- Quota System（配额制）为女性在某些领域（如公司董事会）设定最低比例的政策。
✅例句：
The introduction of a quota system for corporate boards is a controversial but effective way to increase female representation.
社会与家庭角色类
- Gender Roles（性别角色）社会认为适合男性和女性的行为、活动和责任。
✅例句：
Traditional gender roles are being challenged as more men become stay-at-home fathers.
- Breadwinner（养家糊口的人）
- Caregiver / Homemaker（照料者 / 家庭主妇/主夫）
- Shared/Dual Responsibility（共同/双重责任）
✅例句：
The model of the man as the sole breadwinner is shifting towards a model of shared responsibility for both earning income and domestic work.
02、雅思口语实战应用例句
Part 1
谈论家庭
My parents never assigned chores based on gender roles. My brother and I both had to cook and clean.
谈论玩具/童年
I think there's a growing awareness to avoid gender-stereotyping in children's toys nowadays."
Part 2:
描述一个领导者
She is a strong advocate for women's empowerment and has implemented policies to close the gender pay gap in her company.
描述一个有趣的新闻
The article was about a country that passed a law requiring gender quotas on corporate boards, which is a radical step to shatter the glass ceiling.
Part 3:
谈论解决方案
To achieve true gender equality, we need to tackle the root of the problem, which is unconscious bias and deep-seated gender stereotypes in our culture.
谈论社会变化
While we've seen progress, gender inequality persists. For example, the leadership gap is still evident in many fields like politics and technology.
写在最后
- 注意，不要生硬地堆砌词汇。确保它们自然贴合在你的回答里。
- 要展示，而非告诉：通过具体的例子来解释这些概念，而不是仅仅给出定义。
- 保持平衡观点：使用“It can be argued that...", "On the one hand... on the other hand..." 等结构来展示辩证思考。
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