WSC Weekly2025世界学者杯the World Scholar's Cup
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2025年度主题：重燃未来Reigniting the Future
WSC Weekly专栏将精选最新话题内容助力小学者准备世界学者杯！
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永恒的学术精神与信念
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上期回顾&Quiz答案揭晓
在2025年世界学者杯第15期WSC Weekly栏目中，我们与小学者一起了解了AI如何续写贝多芬遗作。在上期的趣味Quiz中，你是否找到了正确答案？现在就让我们一起来揭晓吧！
续写第十交响曲，贝多芬和复活之间只差一个AI？
Can AI complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony?
第15期Quiz答案揭晓：
To train an AI model for completing Beethoven’s 10th Symphony, which of the following is LEAST valuable to be included in the dataset? 要训练完成贝多芬第十交响曲的人工智能模型，数据集中最不应该包含以下哪项内容？
A. Score of Beethoven’s 9th Symphony 贝多芬第九交响曲的乐谱
B. Score of Bach’s musical work 巴赫音乐作品的乐谱
C. Story about Beethoven’s childhood 贝多芬童年的故事
D. Modern symphony theory 现代交响乐理论
E. Mechanism of different instruments 不同乐器的机理
正确答案：D
Key: D
2025年第16期
Weekly Intro
为了抵御末日威胁，人类在北极冻土中建造了斯瓦尔巴全球种子库，这座“超级冰箱”保存了一百多万份种子样本。与此同时，奥利奥也建立了自己的“种子库”，用来保存配方和饼干。本期Weekly，让我们一起探索末日种子库！
2025 No.16
世界末日来了，你还能吃到
蔬菜和奥利奥吗？
When the doomsday comes, can you still eat vegetables and Oreos?
末日的希望
在斯瓦尔巴群岛一座偏远北极山脉的永久冻土深处，距离世界最北端小镇仅几步之遥，坐落着一个抵御灾难的希望象征。斯瓦尔巴全球种子库（Svalbard Global Seed Vault），常被称为“末日种子库”，是人类为农业未来所设的终极保险。它不仅仅是一个冷藏库，更体现了全球为应对不确定未来而保护生物多样性的深远努力。这座种子库开凿在挪威朗伊尔城（Longyearbyen）附近的永久冻土中，距离北极仅约800英里，其入口如同混凝土的船首般突出山坡。在库内，超过一百万份种子样本被密封在铝箔套袋中，静静沉睡于黑暗之中。种子看似简单，却是粮食安全的基因基础。每一种水稻、小麦、西红柿或豆类品种都储存着独特的特性，如抗旱能力、抗病性或对特定土壤的适应性。随着气候变化加剧和生态系统崩溃，这些特性可能在培育适应未来更不稳定环境的作物中发挥关键作用。
Nestled deep within the permafrost of a remote Arctic mountain on the Svalbard archipelago, mere steps from the world's northernmost town, lies a beacon of hope against catastrophe. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, often dubbed the "Doomsday Vault," is humanity's ultimate insurance policy for our agricultural future.More than just a freezer, it represents a profound global effort to safeguard biodiversity against an uncertain world. Carved into the permafrost near Longyearbyen, Norway (just 800 miles from the North Pole), the vault's entrance juts from the hillside like a concrete prow. Inside, over a million samples of seeds sleep in darkness, packed in foil sleeves and stacked like precious cargo. Seeds may seem simple, but they are the genetic foundation of food security. Every variety of rice, wheat, tomato, and bean stores unique traits, such as resilience to drought, resistance to disease, or adaptation to specific soils. As climate change accelerates and ecosystems collapse, these traits may prove essential in breeding crops for a more volatile future.
种子银行
种子库的存在与其所在地的历史密切相关。朗伊尔城最初因煤矿开采而建立，这一产业曾在百余年间不断从地底获取资源。而如今转而将无价的资源储存入地底，反映出人类对脆弱性的日益认知。该种子库于2008年由挪威政府建立，并与非营利组织“全球作物多样性信托基金”（Global Crop Diversity Trust）及北欧基因资源中心 NordGen 共同管理，肩负着一个核心使命：提供安全备份。全球各地的基因库负责收集与保存种子，用于科研、育种和保护，但它们面临着战争、自然灾害、资金短缺或设备故障等风险。斯瓦尔巴种子库为此提供了一道“保险杠”。机构可将其种子收藏的“备份副本”存放于此，若原库遭受灾难，即可从斯瓦尔巴提取种子。这种情况并非假设：在叙利亚内战期间，“干旱地区农业研究国际中心”（ICARDA）成功提取了原本存放在斯瓦尔巴的种子，以在阿勒颇之外重建研究工作。
The vault's existence is intertwined with the history of its location.Longyearbyen itself was founded on coal mining, an industry that literally took resources out of the ground for over a century. The shift to putting invaluable resources in reflects a growing global awareness of fragility. Established in 2008 by the Norwegian government and jointly managed with the non-profit Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Nordic genetic resource center NordGen, the vault serves one primary function: to be a secure backup. Gene banks worldwide collect and preserve seeds for research, breeding, and conservation. But these facilities are vulnerable to war, natural disasters, funding shortages, or equipment failure.The Svalbard vault provides a failsafe. Institutions deposit "backup copies" of their seed collections. If disaster strikes their home bank, they can retrieve their seeds from Svalbard.This isn't theoretical: during the Syrian civil war, the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) successfully retrieved seeds it had previously deposited to re-establish its work outside Aleppo.
种子里的文明
最初，种子库的捐赠者多为大型基因库，但如今其重要性已日益扩大。NordGen 的种子库协调员 Åsmund Asdal 指出：“如今的种子往往来自规模较小的设施。”而来到种子库门前的“朝圣者”早已不止科学家。像切罗基族这样的原住民社区也捐赠了传承多代的豆类、玉米和南瓜种子。这些种子承载着深厚的文化与历史意义。正如一位切罗基领导人所言：“无论未来过了多少代，这些种子都将保留我们的历史……世界上将永远有切罗基民族的一部分。”如今，在北极的黑暗中保存的，还有英国野花、苏里南逃奴秘密带来的稻米品种，以及台湾省南岛社群采集的小米样本。每一份捐赠，都是一个故事，一次对未来的信念，一份对人类文化与生命多样性的承诺。
While major gene banks were the initial depositors, the vault's significance has broadened. "These days, seeds are often from smaller facilities," notes Åsmund Asdal, NordGen's vault coordinator. The pilgrims arriving at the vault door are not just scientists.Indigenous communities, like the Cherokee Nation, have deposited heirloom beans, corn, and squash – seeds carrying deep cultural and historical significance. As one Cherokee leader stated, "Generations from now, these seeds will still hold our history... There will always be a part of the Cherokee Nation in the world." British wildflowers, unique rice varieties once smuggled by escaped slaves in Suriname, and millet samples from Austronesian communities in Taiwan now reside in the Arctic darkness.Each deposit is a story, an act of faith in the future, and a testament to the diversity of life and culture that humanity strives to protect.
最安全的防线
斯瓦尔巴种子库的选址具有战略意义：自然冻土提供了一个稳定的低温环境。即使机械冷却系统失效，工程师估计温度也需要一年时间才会回升至与周围土壤相同的水平。然而，一个深刻的讽刺悄然浮现：斯瓦尔巴的升温速度是全球平均水平的六到七倍。2016年，融化的冻土渗入了入口通道，迫使人们进行结构加固。这种脆弱性正凸显出种子库要抵御的威胁。尽管如此，它仍是目前全球对抗灾难性种子流失最安全、最具前景的防线。
The location of the Svalbard vault is strategic: the natural deep freeze provides a stable, cold environment.Even if its mechanical cooling fails, engineers estimate it would take a year for the vault's temperature to rise to match the surrounding earth. The Seed Vault’s location on the remote island of Spitsbergen was chosen for its natural cold and geological stability. Dug into a mountain and surrounded by permafrost, the vault can maintain freezing temperatures even if power is lost. A profound irony hangs over the vault: Svalbard is warming six to seven times faster than the global average. In 2016, melting permafrost breached the entry tunnel, requiring structural upgrades. This vulnerability underscores the very threats the vault is designed to mitigate.Despite this, it remains the most secure and promising global bulwark against catastrophic seed loss currently available.
奥利奥种子库
“末日种子库”这一概念也超越了基本农作物，进入了公众文化视野。一个颇具幽默感的例子便是奥利奥饼干的“全球奥利奥种子库”。奥利奥公司于2020年宣布，在种子库附近建造了自己的奥利奥储藏室，内含奥利奥饼干的配方与一批饼干，全部包裹在保护用的金属膜中，“以防末日到来”。尽管奥利奥公司的这一项目是一个明显的营销噱头，却也突显出斯瓦尔巴种子库的使命，即对全球性灾难的预见以及在灾难面前守护某种“至关重要之物”的信念，已深深植入人们的想象之中。
The concept of a "doomsday vault" has resonated beyond essential food crops, entering the cultural zeitgeist.A notable, albeit humorous, example is Oreo's "Global Oreo Vault".Announced in 2020, the cookie company playfully constructed their own vault near the seed vault, stocking it with the Oreo recipe and a stash of cookies, wrapped in protective mylar, "in case of apocalypse". While clearly a marketing stunt, it highlights how the Svalbard vault's mission – preserving something vital against potential global catastrophe – has captured the global imagination.
Weekly关键词 Key Word
►Svalbard Global Seed Vault
瓦尔巴全球种子库
所属话题
# Reliving It Up
相关阅读
https://www.bostonglobe.com/2024/07/05/opinion/svalbard-seed-vault-climate-change/
https://www.foodandwine.com/news/oreo-doomsday-vault-norway
Weekly FUN Quiz
相信现在你已经了解了“全球末日种子库”！那就快来参与本期Weekly FUN Quiz👇，告诉老师你的答案吧！
Quiz
Which of the following conditions pose the biggest threat to the Global Seed Vault? 以下哪种情况对全球种子库构成最大威胁？
A. Earthquake 地震
B. Global Warming 全球变暖
C. Short of electricity 电力短缺
D. Spread of infectious disease 传染病蔓延
E. The third world war 第三次世界大战
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