IEO（国际经济学奥林匹克）作为全球13项科学奥林匹克之一，其奖项在国际申请中享有极高声誉！
随着顶尖学府对学生经济学素养和全球视野的要求日益提升，一枚IEO奖牌无疑会成为你履历中闪亮的一笔。
报名时间：2025年6月7日至11月9日
随着2025年IEO竞赛的临近，不少同学都对"欧盟相关知识"这个板块感到头疼。别担心，今天我们就来系统梳理这个重要考点，帮助你轻松应对考试！
欧盟相关知识聚焦欧盟的核心机构、政策、货币（欧元）、贸易协定、经济复苏计划（NextGenerationEU）、气候目标，以及欧盟的成立目的与立法流程，是经济学与欧盟区域经济治理的结合。
从历年真题来看，欧盟相关知识通常占据相当比重，且题目设计巧妙，需要考生真正理解而非死记硬背。下面几道例题&解析，一起来感受一下：
1.What is the European Central Bank’s main task?(1分)
A.To maintain price stability in the euro area；
B.To watch birds, particularly hawks and doves；
C.To manage EU budget；
D.To set the value of the euro in relation to other currencies）
答案：A（解析：欧洲央行（ECB）的核心任务是维护欧元区物价稳定）
2.The European Free Trade Association (1分)
A.preceded the European Economic Community.
B.consists of the original six members of the European Coal and Steel Community.
C.includes EU members and four non-EU members.
D.was established by Eastern European governments to promote free trade after the fall of communism.
答案：C（解析：欧洲自由贸易联盟（EFTA）成员包括冰岛、列支敦士登、挪威、瑞士4个非欧盟国家，与欧盟保持紧密贸易关系）
3.A country's ________ measures the total annual income received by residents of a country and is regarded as a yardstick for the economic activity of a country.(1分)
A.income elasticity of demand
B.gross national product
C.net cash flow ratio
D.gross national income
答案：D（解析：国民总收入（GNI）衡量居民年度总收入，是欧盟常用的经济活动衡量指标，区别于GDP（地域概念））
4.The coronavirus has shaken Europe, and the pandemic is creating severe economic and social damages. As a response, the EU has launched a fund called‘NextGenerationEU’to kickstart the economic recovery after the pandemic. What is the amount of money allocated to Next Generation EU? (1分)
A.50 billion euro
B.166 billion euro
C.750 billion euro
D.10 billion euro
答案：C（解析：NextGenerationEU是欧盟疫情后复苏基金，规模为7500亿欧元，用于支持成员国经济复苏）
5.When did the Euro banknotes and coins start to circulate?(1分)
A.January 1, 2003
B.July 1, 2002
C.January 1, 2002
D.December 1, 2001
答案：C（解析：欧元纸币和硬币于2002年1月1日正式流通，1999年为电子记账货币）
6.The economy of the EU depends on trade. Open markets generate economic growth and better jobs for Europe and its partners. It gives EU consumers more choice and purchasing power, and opens up new markets for EU companies. With which country has the EU NOT signed a free trade agreement?(1分)
A.Canada
B.New Zealand
C.Japan
D.China
答案：B（解析：欧盟与加拿大（CETA）、日本（EPA）有全面自贸协定，与中国有部分领域协定，与新西兰尚未签署）
7.Who was the author of the plan, the aim of which was to achieve the Economic and Monetary Union by 1980?(1分)
A.Adenauer
B.Schuman
C.Werner
D.Monnet
答案：C
时任卢森堡首相的皮埃尔·沃纳于1970年提出了“沃纳计划”（正式名称为“欧洲共同体经济和货币联盟报告”）。该计划的核心目标是通过三个阶段的实施过程，包括协调经济政策、建立固定汇率制度以及最终引入单一共同货币，到1980年在欧洲共同体内建立一个完整的经济和货币联盟（EMU）。
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